Physics & Chemistry:Biot number
Published: March 30, 2010, 12:00 am
Updated: December 15, 2011, 8:50 am
This article has been reviewed by the following Topic Editor:
C Michael Hogan
The Biot number is a dimensionless number or parameter expressing a ratio of thermal internal resistance to surface film resistance. It is generally used in heat transfer calculations such as unsteady state flow. It is defined as:
where hT is a heat transfer coefficient, k the thermal conductivity, and Δx a mid–plane distance.
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This article is written at a definitional level only. Authors wishing to expand this entry are inivited to expand the present treatment, which additions will be peer reviewed prior to publication of any expansion. |
Small Biot number case
Values of the Biot number below 0.1 indicate the heat conduction inside a material body is higher than the heat convection away from its surface into the atmosphere, and that the temperature gradient inside the material is negligible. A Biot number less than 0.1 normally implies a very small error will result from assuming a lumped-capacitance assumption for transient heat transfer. Normally this type of analysis leads to simple Newtonian exponential heating or cooling behavior, since the amount of thermal energy within the material is simply proportional to its temperature.
Further Reading
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Physical Oceanography Index
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DeWitt Incropera and Lavine Bergman. 2007. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer (6th edition ed.) John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-45728-2.
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Citation
Steve Baum (Lead Author);C Michael Hogan (Topic Editor) "Biot number". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth March 30, 2010; Last revised Date December 15, 2011; Retrieved May 25, 2013 <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Biot_number?topic=49557>
The Author
Assistant Research Scientist, Physical Section
Department of Oceanography
Texas A&M University ... (Full Bio)
The Biot number is a dimensionless number or parameter expressing a ratio of thermal internal resistance to surface film resistance. It is generally used in heat transfer calculations such as unsteady state flow. It is defined as:
where hT is a heat transfer coefficient, k the thermal conductivity, and Δx a mid–plane distance.
|
This article is written at a definitional level only. Authors wishing to expand this entry are inivited to expand the present treatment, which additions will be peer reviewed prior to publication of any expansion. |
Small Biot number case
Values of the Biot number below 0.1 indicate the heat conduction inside a material body is higher than the heat convection away from its surface into the atmosphere, and that the temperature gradient inside the material is negligible. A Biot number less than 0.1 normally implies a very small error will result from assuming a lumped-capacitance assumption for transient heat transfer. Normally this type of analysis leads to simple Newtonian exponential heating or cooling behavior, since the amount of thermal energy within the material is simply proportional to its temperature.
Further Reading
-
Physical Oceanography Index
-
DeWitt Incropera and Lavine Bergman. 2007. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer (6th edition ed.) John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-45728-2.
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