Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1935, United States
Published: September 23, 2008, 2:13 pm
Updated: September 23, 2008, 2:13 pm
This article has been reviewed by the following Topic Editor:
Cutler J. Cleveland
Bituminous coal. (Source: USGS)
Congress passed the Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1935, also known as the Guffey-Snyder Coal Act, as an attempt to keep prices and wages in the bituminous coal industry high and to restrict unfair trade practices during the Great Depression. The Act established the National Bituminous Coal Commission (1935-37), which would later be replaced by a new Commission upon enactment of the Bituminous Coal Act of 1937. The Commission was responsible for issuing the Bituminous Coal Code that regulating prices, wages, and hours within the coal industry.
The Act was based on voluntary, incentive-based compliance; those that abided by Act's regulations received tax rebates. In 1936, a stockholder in the Carter Coal Company sued his company to prevent them from paying the noncompliance tax. In the case of Carter v. Carter Oil Company, the Supreme Court of the United States found certain aspects of the 1935 Act to unconstitutional. The Court's finding was based on the Act's regulation of the production process, a violation of private property rights.
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Ida Kubiszewski PhD (Lead Author);Cutler J. Cleveland (Topic Editor) "Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1935, United States". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth September 23, 2008; Last revised Date September 23, 2008; Retrieved May 19, 2013 <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Bituminous_Coal_Conservation_Act_of_1935,_United_States>
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Dr. Ida Kubiszewski is a Senior Lecturer at the Crawford School of Public Policy at Australian National University. She is also a co-founder and former-Managing Editor the Encyclopedia of Earth. Dr. Kubiszewki is currently working as the Managing Editor for a magazine/journal hybrid called Solutions. Solutions is an outlet for discussions focusing on solutions to the complex problems we are now facing in ... (Full Bio)
Bituminous coal. (Source: USGS)
Congress passed the Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1935, also known as the Guffey-Snyder Coal Act, as an attempt to keep prices and wages in the bituminous coal industry high and to restrict unfair trade practices during the Great Depression. The Act established the National Bituminous Coal Commission (1935-37), which would later be replaced by a new Commission upon enactment of the Bituminous Coal Act of 1937. The Commission was responsible for issuing the Bituminous Coal Code that regulating prices, wages, and hours within the coal industry.
The Act was based on voluntary, incentive-based compliance; those that abided by Act's regulations received tax rebates. In 1936, a stockholder in the Carter Coal Company sued his company to prevent them from paying the noncompliance tax. In the case of Carter v. Carter Oil Company, the Supreme Court of the United States found certain aspects of the 1935 Act to unconstitutional. The Court's finding was based on the Act's regulation of the production process, a violation of private property rights.
Further Reading
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