Borelli, Giovanni Alfonso
Published: August 28, 2006, 5:50 pm
Updated: August 28, 2006, 5:50 pm
This article has been reviewed by the following Topic Editor:
Tom Lawrence
Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (1608-1679), an Italian physiologist and physicist, was the first to explain muscular movement and other body functions according to the laws of statics and dynamics. In De motu animalium (1679), he was the first to understand that the levers of the musculoskeletal system magnify motion rather than force, so that muscles must produce much larger forces than those resisting the motion. He also discovered the forces required for joint equilibrium and that the position of the center of gravity for the human body was due to elasticity.
Further Reading
Giovanni Alfonso Borelli Biography (The Achimedes Project, Digital Research Library)
Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (Centro Interuniversitario di Servizi di Ingegneria Biomedica)
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Citation
Cutler J. Cleveland (Lead Author);Tom Lawrence (Topic Editor) "Borelli, Giovanni Alfonso". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth August 28, 2006; Last revised Date August 28, 2006; Retrieved June 18, 2013 <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Borelli,_Giovanni_Alfonso>
The Author
Cutler J. Cleveland is Professor of Earth and Environment at Boston University, where he also is on the faculty of the Center for Energy and Environmental Studies. Professor Cleveland is Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Energy (Elsevier, 2004), winner of an American Library Association award, the Dictionary of Energy (Elsevier, 2005), Handbook of Energy (Elsevier, forthcoming), and is the Founding Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Earth. He is the recipient of the Adelma ... (Full Bio)
Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (1608-1679), an Italian physiologist and physicist, was the first to explain muscular movement and other body functions according to the laws of statics and dynamics. In De motu animalium (1679), he was the first to understand that the levers of the musculoskeletal system magnify motion rather than force, so that muscles must produce much larger forces than those resisting the motion. He also discovered the forces required for joint equilibrium and that the position of the center of gravity for the human body was due to elasticity.
Further Reading
Giovanni Alfonso Borelli Biography (The Achimedes Project, Digital Research Library)
Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (Centro Interuniversitario di Servizi di Ingegneria Biomedica)
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