Crookes, William
Published: August 15, 2007, 6:23 pm
Updated: August 15, 2007, 6:23 pm
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Tom Lawrence Sir William Crookes (1832-1919), English chemist and physicist who discovered the element thallium. Crooke’s interest in the photographic process in the 1850s led him to the new science of spectroscopy. Using spectroscopic techniques, Crookes discovered in 1861 a previously unknown element with a bright green emission line in its spectrum; he named the element thallium, from the Greek word `thallos'—a green shoot. Crookes invented the radiometer in 1875 and investigated electrical discharges through highly evacuated "Crookes tubes." These studies laid the foundation for J. J. Thomson's subsequent research in discharge-tube phenomena. Crookes maintained an interest in agriculture and warned in 1898 that the world's population would face starvation unless new fertilizer sources were discovered.
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Cutler J. Cleveland (Lead Author);Tom Lawrence (Topic Editor) "Crookes, William". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth August 15, 2007; Last revised Date August 15, 2007; Retrieved June 19, 2013 <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Crookes,_William>
The Author
Cutler J. Cleveland is Professor of Earth and Environment at Boston University, where he also is on the faculty of the Center for Energy and Environmental Studies. Professor Cleveland is Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Energy (Elsevier, 2004), winner of an American Library Association award, the Dictionary of Energy (Elsevier, 2005), Handbook of Energy (Elsevier, forthcoming), and is the Founding Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Earth. He is the recipient of the Adelma ... (Full Bio)
Sir William Crookes (1832-1919), English chemist and physicist who discovered the element thallium. Crooke’s interest in the photographic process in the 1850s led him to the new science of spectroscopy. Using spectroscopic techniques, Crookes discovered in 1861 a previously unknown element with a bright green emission line in its spectrum; he named the element thallium, from the Greek word `thallos'—a green shoot. Crookes invented the radiometer in 1875 and investigated electrical discharges through highly evacuated "Crookes tubes." These studies laid the foundation for J. J. Thomson's subsequent research in discharge-tube phenomena. Crookes maintained an interest in agriculture and warned in 1898 that the world's population would face starvation unless new fertilizer sources were discovered.
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