Ecology (collection)
Ecology is the science of interactions among living organisms and their environment. It is a dynamic, rapidly advancing field of fundamental importance to human society’s intimate interaction with the natural world. Understanding the scientific foundations of ecology is accordingly critical to an informed citizenry at all levels, beginning with early childhood education. This collection is designed as a resource for students, teachers, and the general public. Articles can be accessed and used individually or in combination as the basis of a course on fundamental principles of ecological science. All contributions were written by credentialed ecologists or other environmental professionals. Authors are welcome to expand on or edit the contents list; please contact Emmett Duffy or Mark McGinley with suggestions. If you are interested in writing an article for this collection, please consult the How to Contribute page for more information on getting involved.
Note: This collection is a work in progress -- stay tuned for developing content, or contact the editors to contribute yourself!
- Introduction
- Ecology (definition)
- Natural history
- The evolutionary context
- Fitness
- Natural selection (draft)
- Adaptation
- [Historical factors
- Models and experiments
- The physical environment
- Climate
- Precipitation
- Temperature
- Solar radiation
- Atmospheric circulation
- Ocean circulation
- Water (unpublished)
- Physical properties of water
- Hydrologic cycle
- Seawater
- Physical properties of seawater
- Spatial variation in the environment
- Habitat
- Heterogeneity
- Space and Scale
- Disturbance
- Individual organisms
- Niche concepts
- Fundamental niche
- Realized niche
- Resources
- Behavior
- Regulation and homeostasis
- Acclimation
- Ectothermy and endothermy
- Life history
- Growth
- Reproduction
- Metabolism
- Autotrophy and heterotrophy
- Stoichiometry and nutrition
- Production
- Respiration
- Resource specialization
- Populations
- Population: definition
- Population ecology (draft)
- Intraspecific competition
- Population growth
- Population growth rate (draft)
- Population regulation, and dynamics
- Age structure
- Vital rates (natality, recruitment, fecundity, mortality)
- Intrinsic rate of natural increase
- Carrying capacity
- Density-dependent population growth
- Models of population growth
- Deterministic models
- Exponential growth (draft)
- Logistic growth (draft)
- Stochastic models
- Population fluctuations
- Dispersal and migration
- Metapopulations
- Stability
- Communities
- Community: definitions
- Community ecology
- Competition (draft)
- Interspecific competition
- Exploitation competition
- Interference competition
- The competitive exclusion principle
- Resource partitioning
- Consumer-prey interactions
- Predation
- Functional response
- Numerical response
- Predator-prey cycles
- Herbivory
- Omnivory
- Apparent competition
- Commensalism
- Mutualism
- Defenses
- Parasitism and disease
- Interaction strength
- Keystone species
- Foundation species
- Dominance
- Indirect effects
- Succession
- Climax community
- Community assembly
- Trophic structure
- Food webs
- Trophic level
- Trophic transfer
- Trophic cascades
- Bottom-up (resource) control
- Top-down (consumer) control
- Decomposition and detritus
- Biodiversity
- Species diversity
- Functional diversity
- Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning
- Neutral models and neutral theory
- Island biogeography
- Exotic species Invasive species draft
- Ecosystems
- Ecosystem: definition
- Biogeochemical cycles
- Nutrient cycling
- Decomposition
- Energy flow
- Ecological energetics
- Primary productivity
- Trophic transfer
- Alternate stable states/regime shifts
- Resilience
- Hysteresis
- Landscapes
- Ecotopes
- Patches and patchiness
- Gradients
- Edge effects
- Corridors and connectivity
- Metapopulation
- Metacommunity
- Source/sink dynamics
- The global ecosystem
- Biosphere
- Major patterns in distribution of species diversity
- Earth's energy balance
- Global material cycles
- The Gaia hypothesis
- Global environmental change
- Biomes
- Terrestrial biome
- Taiga (draft)
- Marine biomes
- Open Ocean
- Coastal ocean
- Coral reef
- Estuary
- Polar seas
- Freshwater biomes
- Wetland
- Marsh
- Swamp
- Bog
- Fens
- Prairie pothole
- Riparian zones draft
- River
- Lakes
- Chemical properties of lakes
- Playa lakes
- Spring
- Anthropogenic biomes
- Dense settlements
- Croplands
- Rangelands
- Forested lands




