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Erbium

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Erbium

Published:
Updated: September 29, 2008, 8:58 pm
Topics: Environmental Chemistry
This article has been reviewed by the following Topic Editor: Peter Hughes

Previous Element: Holmium

Next Element: Thulium
68

Er

167.26
Physical Properties
Color silvery-white
Phase at Room Temp. solid
Density (g/cm3) 9.045
Hardness (Mohs) ---
Melting Point (K) 1795.2
Boiling Point (K) 3173
Heat of Fusion (kJ/mol) 17.2
Heat of Vaporization (kJ/mol) 280
Heat of Atomization (kJ/mol) 317
Thermal Conductivity (J/m sec K) 14.5
Electrical Conductivity (1/mohm cm) 14.1
Source Monazite (phosphate), bastnaesite
Atomic Properties
Electron Configuration [Xe]6s24f12
Number of Isotopes 40 (6 natural)
Electron Affinity (kJ/mol) 50
First Ionization Energy (kJ/mol) 588.7
Second Ionization Energy (kJ/mol) 1151
Third Ionization Energy (kJ/mol) 2184
Electronegativity 1.24
Polarizability (Å3) 22.7
Atomic Weight 167.26
Atomic Volume (cm3/mol) 18.5
Ionic Radius2- (pm) ---
Ionic Radius1- (pm) ---
Atomic Radius (pm) 176
Ionic Radius1+ (pm) ---
Ionic Radius2+ (pm) ---
Ionic Radius3+ (pm) 103
Common Oxidation Numbers +3
Other Oxid. Numbers ---
Abundance
In Earth's Crust (mg/kg) 3.5×100
In Earth's Ocean (mg/L) 8.7×10-7
In Human Body (%) ---
Regulatory / Health
CAS Number 7440-52-0
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) No limits
OSHA PEL Vacated 1989 No limits
NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL) No limits
Sources:
University of Wisconsin General Chemistry
Mineral Information Institute
Jefferson Accelerator Laboratory
EnvironmentalChemistry.com		 

Citation

Adam Sibley (Lead Author);Peter Hughes (Topic Editor) "Erbium". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth September 29, 2008; Last revised Date September 29, 2008; Retrieved June 20, 2013 <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Erbium>

The Author

Adam Sibley E-scribe The Encyclopedia of Earth Adam Sibley is a sophmore at Boston University. He is currently majoring in Environmental Science. ... (Full Bio)

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