Fahrenheit, Daniel Gabriel
Published: November 30, 2006, 6:15 pm
Updated: July 12, 2012, 2:28 pm
This article has been reviewed by the following Topic Editor:
Tom Lawrence
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736), Polish-born Dutch physicist and engineer who invented the first accurate thermometer in 1724 and devised the Fahrenheit temperature scale, named for him. Fahrenheit's first thermometers contained a column of alcohol; he later substituted mercury for alcohol because its rate of expansion, although less than that of alcohol, is more constant. In order to reflect the greater sensitivity of his thermometer, Fahrenheit expanded Römer's scale so that blood heat was 90° and an ice-salt mixture was 0°; on this scale, freezing point was 30°. Fahrenheit later adjusted the scale to ignore body temperature as a fixed point so that the boiling point of water came to 212° and freezing point to 32°; this is the Fahrenheit scale still in use today. Thus, a 1.8° F temperature change corresponds to a 1.0° change on the Celsius scale. The Fahrenheit scale was widely used in Europe until a switch to the Celsius scale, but is still used by the general population for everyday temperature measurement in the United States.
Further Reading
Fahrenheit and Celsius Temperature Scales (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
Inventors: The History Behind the Thermometer (About.com)
How Does the Thermometer Work? (California Energy Commission)
Are you absolutely sure you want to delete this article? This process cannot be undone and is permanent.
Yes, Delete This Article
Are you absolutely sure you want to remove this article? This process cannot be undone and is permanent.
Yes, Remove This Article
Citation
Cutler J. Cleveland (Lead Author);Tom Lawrence (Topic Editor) "Fahrenheit, Daniel Gabriel". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth November 30, 2006; Last revised Date July 12, 2012; Retrieved June 18, 2013 <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Fahrenheit%2C_Daniel_Gabriel>
The Author
Cutler J. Cleveland is Professor of Earth and Environment at Boston University, where he also is on the faculty of the Center for Energy and Environmental Studies. Professor Cleveland is Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Energy (Elsevier, 2004), winner of an American Library Association award, the Dictionary of Energy (Elsevier, 2005), Handbook of Energy (Elsevier, forthcoming), and is the Founding Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Earth. He is the recipient of the Adelma ... (Full Bio)
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736), Polish-born Dutch physicist and engineer who invented the first accurate thermometer in 1724 and devised the Fahrenheit temperature scale, named for him. Fahrenheit's first thermometers contained a column of alcohol; he later substituted mercury for alcohol because its rate of expansion, although less than that of alcohol, is more constant. In order to reflect the greater sensitivity of his thermometer, Fahrenheit expanded Römer's scale so that blood heat was 90° and an ice-salt mixture was 0°; on this scale, freezing point was 30°. Fahrenheit later adjusted the scale to ignore body temperature as a fixed point so that the boiling point of water came to 212° and freezing point to 32°; this is the Fahrenheit scale still in use today. Thus, a 1.8° F temperature change corresponds to a 1.0° change on the Celsius scale. The Fahrenheit scale was widely used in Europe until a switch to the Celsius scale, but is still used by the general population for everyday temperature measurement in the United States.
Further Reading
Fahrenheit and Celsius Temperature Scales (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
Inventors: The History Behind the Thermometer (About.com)
How Does the Thermometer Work? (California Energy Commission)
Are you absolutely sure you want to delete this article? This process cannot be undone and is permanent.
Yes, Delete This Article
Are you absolutely sure you want to remove this article? This process cannot be undone and is permanent.
Yes, Remove This Article
Site Options
0 Comments
Add Comment