Giffard, Jules Henri
Published: September 6, 2006, 10:18 pm
Updated: September 6, 2006, 10:18 pm
This article has been reviewed by the following Topic Editor:
Tom Lawrence
Jules Henri Giffard (1825-1882), French inventor who achieved the first powered and controlled flight in history. He flew in a craft that was a primitive example of the dirigible or semi-rigid airship. The hydrogen-filled airship was 43 meters (144 feet) long, had a 2,200-Watt (3-horsepower) steam engine that drove a three-bladed propeller, and was steered using a sail-like rudder. It flew at an average speed of 5 kph (3 mph) over a distance of about 27 kilometers (17 miles). In 1858, he patented a steam injector that became widely used in locomotives and other types of steam engines. Giffard's inventions were successful, and he acquired a fortune from their sale.
Further Reading
First Flights of the Airship (U. S. Centennial of Flight Commission)
The Dream of Flight (Library of Congress)
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Citation
Cutler J. Cleveland (Lead Author);Tom Lawrence (Topic Editor) "Giffard, Jules Henri". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth September 6, 2006; Last revised Date September 6, 2006; Retrieved May 23, 2013 <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Giffard,_Jules_Henri>
The Author
Cutler J. Cleveland is Professor of Earth and Environment at Boston University, where he also is on the faculty of the Center for Energy and Environmental Studies. Professor Cleveland is Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Energy (Elsevier, 2004), winner of an American Library Association award, the Dictionary of Energy (Elsevier, 2005), Handbook of Energy (Elsevier, forthcoming), and is the Founding Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Earth. He is the recipient of the Adelma ... (Full Bio)
Jules Henri Giffard (1825-1882), French inventor who achieved the first powered and controlled flight in history. He flew in a craft that was a primitive example of the dirigible or semi-rigid airship. The hydrogen-filled airship was 43 meters (144 feet) long, had a 2,200-Watt (3-horsepower) steam engine that drove a three-bladed propeller, and was steered using a sail-like rudder. It flew at an average speed of 5 kph (3 mph) over a distance of about 27 kilometers (17 miles). In 1858, he patented a steam injector that became widely used in locomotives and other types of steam engines. Giffard's inventions were successful, and he acquired a fortune from their sale.
Further Reading
First Flights of the Airship (U. S. Centennial of Flight Commission)
The Dream of Flight (Library of Congress)
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