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Originally published by our Content Partner: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (other articles)
Annex II: Abbrevations, Chemical Symbols
1 Abbreviations & Acronyms
| A | |
|---|---|
| ADB | Asian Development Bank |
| AIJ | Activities Implemented Jointly |
| ALM | Africa, Latin America, Middle East Region (SRES and post-SRES scenarios) |
| A/R | Afforestation and Reforestation |
| B | |
| BAU | Business As Usual |
| BECS | Bioenergy with CCS |
| BOD | Biochemical Oxygen Demand / Biological Oxygen Demand |
| BRT | Bus Rapid transport |
| C | |
| CAA | Clean Air Act |
| CAFÉ | Corporate Average Fuel Economy |
| CANZ | Canada, Australia and New Zealand |
| CBA | Cost Benefit Analysis |
| CCGT | Combined Cycle Gas Turbine |
| CCS | Carbon Capture and Storage |
| CDM | Clean Development Mechanism |
| CER | Certified Emission Reduction |
| CFCs | Chlorofluorocarbons |
| CFL | Compact Fluorescent Lamp |
| CGE | Computable General Equilibrium |
| CHP | Combined Heat and Power |
| CONCAWE | European Oil Company Organisation for Environment, Health, and Safety |
| COD | Chemical Oxygen Demand |
| COP | Conference of the Parties / Coefficient of Performance |
| CSD | Commission for Sustainable Development |
| CSP | Concentrating Solar Power |
| D | |
| DAES | Domestic Alternative Energy Sources |
| DES | Development, Equity and Sustainability |
| DSM | Demand Side Management |
| E | |
| EBRD | European Bank for Reconstruction and Development |
| EC | European Commission |
| EEA | European Environmental Agency |
| EECCA | Countries of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia |
| EIT | Economy In Transition |
| EMAS | ECO-Management and Audit Scheme (EU) |
| EMF | Energy Modeling Forum (Stanford University) |
| EPR | Extended Producer Responsibility |
| EPRI | Electric Power Research Institute |
| ESCO | Energy Service Company |
| ETS | Emission Trading Scheme (EU) |
| EU | European Union |
| F | |
| FAO | Food & Agriculture Organization |
| FC | Fuel Cell |
| FCCC | Framework Convention on Climate Change (UN) |
| FDI | Foreign Direct Investment |
| FOB | Free on Board |
| FOD | First-Order Decay |
| G | |
| GATT | General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs |
| GCM | Global Climate Model |
| GDP | Gross Domestic Product |
| GEF | Global Environment Facility |
| GHG | Green House Gas |
| GMT | Global Mean Temperature |
| GNP | Gross National Product |
| GPP | Gross Primary Production |
| GWP | Global Warming Potential |
| H | |
| HDI | Human Development Index |
| HFC | Hydrofluorocarbons |
| HSS | High Strength Steels |
| HVAC | Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning |
| I | |
| IA | Integrated Assessment |
| IAEA | International Atomic Energy Agency |
| IAES | Imported Alternative Energy Sources |
| ICAO | International Civil Aviation Organization |
| ICE | Internal Combustion Engine |
| IDP | Integrated Design Process (for buildings) |
| IEA | International Energy Agency |
| IET | International Emission Trading |
| IGO | Intergovernmental Organization |
| IIASA | International Institute for Applied System Analysis |
| IMO | International Maritime Organization |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| ISIC | International Standard Industrial Classification |
| ISO | International Standardization Organization |
| IT | Information Technology |
| ITC | Induced Technological Change |
| ITER | International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor |
| IUCN | International Union for the Conservation of Nature and natural resources |
| J | |
| J | Joule =Newton x meter (International Standard unit of energy) |
| JI | Joint Implementation |
| JRC | Joint Research Centre (EU) |
| L | |
| LCA | Life Cycle Assessment |
| LHV | Lower Heating Value |
| LNG | Liquefied Natural Gas |
| LPG | Liquid Petroleum Gas |
| M | |
| MAC | Marginal Abatement Cost |
| MBT | Mechanical Biological Treatment |
| MDG | Millennium Development Goals |
| MEA | Multilateral Environmental Agreements |
| MOP | Meeting Of the Parties (Kyoto Protocol) |
| N | |
| NAFTA | North American Free Trade Agreement |
| NEDC | New European Driving Cycle |
| NGO | Non-Governmental Organization |
| NIC | Newly Industrialized Country |
| NMHC | Non-Methane Hydro Carbon |
| NMT | Non-Motorised Transport |
| NMVOC | Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds |
| O | |
| O&M | Operation and Maintenance |
| ODA | Official Development Assistance |
| ODS | Ozone Depleting Substances |
| OECD | Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development |
| OPEC | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries |
| P | |
| PAYT | Pay As You Throw |
| PFC | Perfluorocarbon |
| ppm [ v / w ] | parts per million [by volume / weight] |
| PPP | Purchasing Power Parity |
| PV | Photovoltaïc |
| Q | |
| QELRCs | Quantified Emission Limitation or Reduction Commitments |
| R | |
| RD&D | Research,Development and Demonstration |
| S | |
| SAR | Second Assessment Report ( IPCC) |
| SBSTA | Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice |
| SCC | Social Cost of Carbon |
| SD | Sustainable Development |
| SMEs | Small and Medium Enterprises |
| SPM | Summary for Policy Makers |
| SRCCS | Special Report on Carbon Capture and Storage (IPCC) |
| SRES | Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (IPCC) |
| SRLULUCF | Special Report on Land-Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (IPCC) |
| SROC | Special Report on Ozone and Climate (IPCC) |
| SRTT | Special Report on methodological and technological issues in Technology Transfer (IPCC) |
| T | |
| TAR | Third Assessment Report (IPCC) |
| TPES | Total Primary Energy Supply |
| TWA | Tolerable Windows Approach |
| U | |
| UK | United Kingdom |
| UN | United Nations |
| UNCED | UN Conference on Environment and Development |
| UNDP | UN Development Programme |
| UNEP | UN Environment Programme |
| UNFCCC | UN Framework Convention on Climate Change |
| USA | United States of America |
| V | |
| VAT | Value Added Tax |
| VOC | Volatile organic compound |
| W | |
| W | Watt = Joule/second (International Standard unit of power) |
| WBCSD | World Business Council for Sustainable Development |
| WCED | World Commission on Environment and Development |
| WEC | World Energy Council |
| WG I | Working Group One of the IPCC |
| WG II | Working Group Two of the IPCC |
| WG III | Working Group Three of the IPCC |
| WHO | World Health Organization (UN) |
| WTO | World Trade Organization |
| WWF | World Wide Fund for nature |
2 Chemical Symbols
| C | Carbon |
| C2F6 | Perfluoroethane / Hexafluoroethane |
| CF4 | Perfluoromethane / Tetrafluoromethane |
| CFCs | Chlorofluorocarbons |
| CH4 | Methane |
| CO | Carbon monoxide |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide |
| H / H2 | Hydrogen (element / gas) |
| H2O | Water / Water vapor |
| HFCs | Hydrofluorocarbons |
| N / N2 | Nitrogen (element /gas) |
| N2O | Nitrous Oxide |
| NF3 | Nitrogen trifluoride |
| NH3 / NH4+ | Ammonia / Ammonium ion |
| NMVOC | Non-methane Volatile Organic Compounds |
| NO | Nitric oxide |
| NO2 | Nitrogen dioxide |
| NOx | The sum of NO and NO2 expressed in NO2 mass equivalent |
| O / O2 | Oxygen (element / gas) |
| O3 | Ozone |
| P | Phosphorus |
| SF6 | Sulphur hexafluoride |
| SO2 | Sulphur dioxide |
| SOx | Sulphur oxides expressed in SO2 mass equivalent |
| VOCs | Volatile Organic Compounds |
3 Prefixes for basic physical units
| Enlargement | Reduction | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| name | symbol | factor | name | symbol | factor |
| deca | da | 10+1 | deci | d | 10-1 |
| hecto | h | 10+2 | centi | c | 10-2 |
| kilo | k | 10+3 | milli | m | 10-3 |
| mega | M | 10+6 | micro | µ | 10-6 |
| giga | G | 10+9 | nano | n | 10-9 |
| tera | T | 10+12 | pico | p | 10-12 |
| peta | P | 10+15 | femto | f | 10-15 |
| exa | E | 10+18 | atto | a | 10-18 |
|
This is a chapter from IPCC Fourth Assessment Report Working Group III. Previous: Annex 1: Glossary | Table of Contents | Next: Annex 3: Contributors to the Report |
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