Marine systems in the Arctic

Content Partner: International Arctic Science Committee (other articles)
Article Topics: Climate change, Marine ecology and Oceans
This article has been reviewed and approved by the following Topic Editor: J. Emmett Duffy (other articles)
Last Updated: September 28, 2009

This is Chapter 9 of the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment
Lead Author: Harald Loeng; Contributing Authors: Keith Brander, Eddy Carmack, Stanislav Denisenko, Ken Drinkwater, Bogi Hansen, Kit Kovacs, Pat Livingston, Fiona McLaughlin, Egil Sakshaug;  Consulting Authors: Richard Bellerby, Howard Browman,Tore Furevik, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier, Eystein Jansen, Steingrimur Jónsson, Lis Lindal Jørgensen, Svend-Aage Malmberg, Svein Østerhus, Geir Ottersen, Koji Shimada

 

Chapter 9: Marine Systems
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Physical oceanography
    9.2.1. General features
    9.2.2. Sea ice
    9.2.3. Ocean processes of climatic importance
    9.2.4. Variability in hydrographic properties and currents
    9.2.5. Anticipated changes in physical conditions
9.3. Biota
    9.3.1. General description of the Arctic biota community
    9.3.2. Physical factors mediating ecological change
    9.3.3. Past variability – interannual to decadal
    9.3.4. Future change – processes and impacts on biota
9.4. Effects of changes in ultraviolet radiation
9.5. The carbon cycle and climate change
9.6. Key findings
9.7. Gaps in knowledge and research needs

 

[[category:|Marine systems in the Arctic]]

Citation
International Arctic Science Committee (Content Partner); J. Emmett Duffy (Topic Editor). 2009. "Marine systems in the Arctic." In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth January 7, 2008; Last revised September 28, 2009; Retrieved November 21, 2009]. <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Marine_systems_in_the_Arctic>
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