Alice Stewart (1906-2002), a British physician who first demonstrated the link between exposure to low-intensity radiation and cancer. She headed the Oxford Childhood Cancer Survey, which showed that children who died of leukemia or other cancers had been X-rayed in utero twice as often as healthy children (1958). This controversial finding eventually led to the cessation of X-rays for pregnant women and heightened interest in the health risks of low-level radiation. Stewart also led a study on the health of nuclear workers at a plutonium-manufacturing complex in Hanford, Washington, site of the Manhattan Project. The analysis revealed over 10 times the incidence of cancer predicted from atomic bomb-survivor studies.