Jethro Tull (1674–1741), an English agriculturist and inventor, is considered one of the founders of scientific agriculture. Tull advocated using manures, pulverizing the soil, planting with drills, and thorough tilling during the growing period. In 1731, Tull published his ideas about farming and plant nutrition in The New Horse Houghing Husbandry: or, an Essay on the Principles of Tillage and Vegetation. Despite initial resistance to Tull's revolutionary ideas, they were eventually adopted by large landowners, and in time his principles formed the basis of modern agriculture. He invented a mechanical drill for sowing, and a horse-drawn hoe to clear away weeds.