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Von Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand

Von Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand

This article has been reviewed by the following Topic Editor: Peter Saundry

Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand Von Helmholtz(1821-1894), a German physicist and physician, is best known for his extension and mathematical formulation of the law of conservation of energy (1847). He was the first to extend Joule's results to a general principle. He expressed the relationship between mechanics, heat, light, electricity, and magnetism by treating them all as manifestations of a single force: energy. He was also a pioneer in physiological optics, extending the theory of color vision, explaining the mechanism of lens accommodation in the eye, and inventing the ophthalmoscope (1851). Furthermore, he was an authority on acoustics, especially on the perception of tone quality. He was the first to determine the velocity of nerve pulses, giving the rate 30 m/s as well as the first to show that the heat released by muscular contraction is an important source of animal heat.

Citation

Cutler J. Cleveland (Lead Author);Peter Saundry (Topic Editor) "Von Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth August 18, 2006; Last revised Date August 18, 2006; Retrieved May 24, 2013 <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Von_Helmholtz,_Hermann_Ludwig_Ferdinand>

The Author

Cutler J. Cleveland Cutler J. Cleveland  is Professor of Earth and Environment at Boston University, where he also is on the faculty of the Center for Energy and Environmental Studies. Professor Cleveland is Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Energy (Elsevier, 2004), winner of an American Library Association award, the Dictionary of Energy (Elsevier, 2005), Handbook of Energy (Elsevier, forthcoming), and is the Founding Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Earth.  He is the recipient of the Adelma ... (Full Bio)

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