The term "clean technology" describes technologies developed by biological, computational, and physical scientists and engineers that enable more efficient and effective use of natural resources and greatly reduce ecological--and human health--impact. Clean technologies embrace a diverse range of products, services, and processes designed inherently to provide superior performance. Clean technology spans many industries, from alternative forms of energy generation to water purification to materials-efficient production techniques.

Clean technologies represent a paradigm shift from environmental technologies that we have traditionally used to mitigate waste and reduce emissions. The traditional definition of environmental technologies encompasses technologies in remediation, hazardous and solid waste, water and wastewater treatment, and air pollution control. Clean technologies represent new zero-emission technologies in renewable energy, alternative fuels, bio- and nano-technology, and microelectronics.