Proxy Methods
Proxy measures are measurements of physical, chemical, or biological processes that depend on the weather, and therefore provide an indication of past climates.
Researcher works with a drill that extracts ice cores from glaciers during the 2003 Antarctic Megadunes expedition.
Ted Scambos & Rob Bauer, NSIDC
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Boreholes |
Corals |
Glacial Extent |
Ice Cores |
Isotopes |
Paleomagnetism |
Tree Rings |
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Featured Article
Antarctic Ice: An 800,000 Year Record of...
Antarctic Ice: An 800,000 Year Record of Climate Change provides an extraordinary opportunity for scientists to reconstruct climate events of the past. Scientists have recently... More »
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Featured Article
The Past Million Years
Climate researchers have reliable temperature records from weather stations dating back to about 1850. To study variations in climate that pre-date the advent of weather... More »
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Featured Article
Climate Change Research Since World War II
With the dawn of the nuclear age at the end of World War II, atmospheric and oceanic scientists became preoccupied with other products of human ingenuity, namely radioactive... More »
Permafrost
Last Updated on 2012-08-21 at 22:44
A soil is considered permafrost if its temperature remains permanently below the melting point of water for at least two years. Such permafrost soil is ubiquitous in high... More »
Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra
Last Updated on 2012-08-21 at 22:15
The Pacific Coastal Mountain Icefields and Tundra ecoregion consists of a steep, very rugged range of mountains that stretches from the Kenai Penninsula along the Gulf of... More »
Lecture: Stephen Schneider Climate Change Mitigation...
Last Updated on 2012-08-13 at 12:10
This video is of a lecture that Stephen Schneider presented a number of times. It covers climate change from a risk perspective, discussing the underlying science,... More »
Glacier
Last Updated on 2012-07-16 at 21:16
Introduction to Glaciation
Various types of paleoclimatic evidence suggest that the climate of the Earth has varied over time.... More »
Antarctic Ice: An 800,000 Year Record of Climate Change
Last Updated on 2012-05-29 at 11:25
Antarctic Ice: An 800,000 Year Record of Climate Change provides an extraordinary opportunity for scientists to reconstruct climate events of the past. Scientists have recently... More »
Antarctic ice shelf rift: Pine Island Glacier
Last Updated on 2012-05-21 at 12:12
Watching the Birth of an Iceberg
After discovering an emerging crack that cuts across the floating ice shelf of Pine Island Glacier in Antarctica, NASA's Operation... More »
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